Deformation of the osteoarthritis (oa) is a progressive pathology, leading to malnutrition and degeneration of the articular surface and to the defeat of the cartilage, until its complete destruction in the area of the joint.
Normally deformation osteoarthritis is revealed in the advanced age and senile, when they are accompanied by other factors and diseases, often revealed in the surveys, but does not manifest itself clinically.
Deforming arthrosis is the most frequent and common pathology of the joints. He is found in 70% of all diseases of the joints.
The causes of the
The exact cause of the deformation of osteoarthritis in the present it is not clear, but there are some of the factors reliably increase the likelihood of its development. First of all, it is a general aging of the organism and the dystrophic phenomena in the tissues, changes in the cartilage and joint capsules.
Factors that influence the development of osteoarthritis can be divided into:
- outside of them carry the overload of the joints (for example, due to weight lifting), injuries, permanent, professional of the influence, the subcool of the joints,
- national - is the influence of the estate, with the ligaments and the joints, dysfunction of the ovaries and menopausal changes in women, vascular catastrophe, the violation of the circulation of the blood in the tissues of the cartilage, obesity.
Deforming osteoarthritis, as one of the symptoms can be a case of alcoholism or myxedema, acromegaly or treatment with hormones, when innate dislocacin of the hip, marfan syndrome (an inherited disease, characterized by excessive mobility of the joints and the elongation of the tubular bones). the immobility of the joint)
Stages of development
In the development of deformation of osteoarthritis there are a number of natural successive stages, successive:
- the reduction of the fluid coming from the cartilage, which leads to their degradation and drying,
- the formation in the cartilage defects and cracks,
- the destruction of the cartilage and simultaneously strong decrease of joint space,
- the disappearance of the cartilage of the bones of the edges,
- remedial sealing of the ends of the bones that have been left without the cartilage surface,
- the violation of the joints with sprains, fractures, and violation of functioning of the limbs.
The symptoms of the deformation of the osteoarthritis
First of all, the main manifestation of the deformation of the osteoarthritis is
- the pain in the inside of the joint, by increasing after exercise or at night,
- the involvement of the individual joints,
- affected joints are not symmetrical,
- if this is not the general of the manifestations of the lesions in the joints,
- no fever,
- you do not have a strong reddening of the joints,
- there are no changes in the analysis.
The process occurs most frequently in the knee, hip or interphalangeal of the knee.
If the disease progresses to the extent of the destruction of the cartilage, occurs painful locking of the joint, when walking it is manifested by severe pain that does not allows you to move the legs and it forces them to stop. This should fall in the cavity of the joint pieces of cartilage or small fragments of the bones (articulating the "mouse").
In the area of the joints in the phalanges arise nodular, very solid education, the joints are not very clean, the muscles do not suffer atrophy, not the immobility of the joint.
In the interior of the joints during the movement, hear the crunch due to the friction of rough surfaces with each other.
Due to pain and limitation of mobility can generate contractures (muscle contractions), which shortens the feet or hands.
Deformation of the osteoarthritis of its manifestations is similar in the different forms of arthritis, in the first place, it is necessary to distinguish with rheumatoid arthritis.
The diagnosis
Typical of the criteria for the diagnosis of deforming arthrosis does not exist, can be externally recognized only by the nodes of the phalanges of the fingers. The suspicion that osteoarthritis occurs when:
- typical of the defeat of the joints,
- prolonged in the development of the disease for many years,
- the advanced age of the patient.
The basis of diagnosis – x-rays of the data that arise before the period of the clinical manifestations and the syndrome of pain.
It is manifested in the narrowing of the articulation of the slot, the change of the flattening and deformation of the joint surfaces, instability in the area of the joint with sprains and noglos sprains, visible territorial expansion of the bones, osteosclerosis (excessive increase in the density of the bones).
As you go through the process are identified bone of peaks and hills, a joint of the slit can be the wedge.
Complements the study of arthroscopy, the study of the blood with the absence of signs of inflammation.
It is essential to the realization of studies periarticular fluid.
The treatment deforming osteoarthritis
The same symptoms can be signs of different diseases, and the disease may not be by the textbook. Do not try to heal themselves, check with your doctor.
The treatment dealing with the traumatologists and orthopedists.
Methods of treatment of deforming osteoarthritis depend on the degree of participation in the process of the joints, and also the duration of the lesion and the presence of pain syndrome.
First of all, apply conservative therapy
- the reduction of pressure in the joints,
- the reduction of weight,
- the application of metabolite – course of aloe, gumsole or floats intramuscular change
- apply stimulating the recovery of cartilage in the intramuscular injection of change.
Complements the treatment
- the use of drugs,
- anti-inflammatory therapy.
If there is inflammation in the joint, is shown the course of the hormones – hydrocortisone in the interior of the joint.
They also serve as the structure of massages, physiotherapeutic impact, mud, heat. It is useful to sanatorium treatment.
In the cases of aid to the surgery – arthroplasty of the joint. In the future it shows the download of the articulation of the reduction of your body weight, gait, leaning on a cane or crutches, therapeutic exercise.
Prognosis
Deforming osteoarthritis without treatment is slow, but steadily progressive course. Leads to disability and a disruption in the operation of the joints, problems with movement. Therefore, when they occur the first signs of osteoarthritis of the displayed active therapy, that lasts exchange for 1-2 months.