The pain in the spine is one of the most common complaints among people. Unlike other mammals, only one person is having problems with the back, because they go directly to a significant improvement of the load on the spine.
The spine consists of several departments, and, often, the stabbing pain in the back is localized only in one of them.
The causes of the unpleasant sensations
Factors that influence the deterioration of work of the spine are known by all:
- sedentary sedentary lifestyle;
- the lack of exercise;
- acute of weight lifting;
- heavy-duty work.
In addition, the influence of hereditary factors, and concomitant diseases, which, for example, reduce the circulation of blood in the spinal column.
The spine is a group of vertebrae, between which are elastic disks, they play a role as shock absorber. The mobility in all the segments give the facet the treatment of ra and articular cartilage.
The violation of the integrity or the location of any part of the vertebra gives rise to different pathologies, which are expressed sensations of pain.
Of the spinal cord protrude special of the nerve roots that pass near, therefore, the greater part of the unpleasant sensations related to their violation.
Basically, the stabbing pain in the spine occurs for the following reasons:
- The cracks in the vertebrae.
- The osteochondrosis.
- Spondylosis.
- The hernia between the vertebrae.
- Low-back pain.
Severe disease is easy to distinguish from the normal pain in the back, since in this latter case, it is an inflammation or muscle tension, and the state goes pretty fast. In the case of injuries of the spine, sensations very strong and severe require treatment measures.
The cracks in the spine
In reality, in the medical community, the term has not been approved. The concept of "crack" rather, it means partial fracture, no spinal cord damage.
The spine is designed to be the cornerstone of the whole body, if this is sufficiently flexible and mobile, so that you can make different twists, inclines. However, even this nearly perfect mechanism extremely unstable.
Cracks can occur for the following reasons:
- Unfortunate fall or the execution of sports exercise.
- The fall from a great height.
- Acute pressure in the body (for example, an accident).
The elderly are a special risk group, because this damage can occur even with a minimum load on your back, your vertebrae are too fragile and do not have a supply of essential trace elements.
Not always, the man may suspect the same violation of the integrity of the vertebrae. In some cases, the cracks are so small, that they continue to live longer. However, often these changes are communicated.
The characteristic symptoms of the cracks in the spine:
- strong sharp stabbing pain at the site of the injury, which can rasprostronyat in other areas of the back;
- strengthening of pain to palpation or the change of the position of the body;
- the formation of edema and bruising at the site of the injury;
- the tensions of the muscles of the back, limitations in movements.
If, as a result of an injury is separated from the part of the vertebra, which may compress the nerves of the spine or come in contact with the spinal cord is, in this case, the burning pain and strong and it is necessary to take emergency measures, to hospitalization, to resolve the split.
The osteochondrosis
The osteochondrosis is a condition associated with degenerative changes of the intervertebral discs and the cartilages of the joints.
Develops is more common in the elderly, the poor nutrition of the tissues, but in the last time, the diagnosis of "rejuvenates". Due to the lack of nutrients of the first suffers a disc between the vertebrae, which loses its elasticity, flexibility. It is reduced in size, being compressed during and in consequence, fails to comply with its main function of adjacent vertebrae. This thin, the board is not able to separate the bone tissues of the vertebrae to each other and begin to interact, causing inflammation.
Dystrophic change of the disk drive, in addition, to the pathology and the infringement of the nerve roots.
Other changes affect the spine and of the joints and the ligaments. The bone grows, in consequence, loses the mobility of the spine, it becomes one of the curves, develop kyphosis, and scoliosis.
To help! The load is distributed unevenly on the human body, for example, the heavy bag that day-to-day carry on the shoulder, leading to disease of the spine.
Cause the disease can not only age related, but also a number of other reasons:
- an increase of the load on the vertebral column: the hard physical work, excess weight, a profession related to the constant position of sitting or standing;
- the alteration of the metabolism;
- the intoxication of the organism;
- the lack of vitamins and minerals;
- somatic disease;
- the hormonal changes.
The osteochondrosis is divided into, cervical, thoracic, and lumbar.
The symptoms of the disease:- The defeat of the cervical region shows the following manifestations: pain in the neck, the arms, the numbness, impairment of hearing, headaches.
- The defeat of the clinic of the division of occur: back pain, difficulty breathing, pain in the heart muscle.
- The defeat of the back feels the stabbing pain in the lower back, sacrum, then extends to your feet. May appear disorders of the organs genito-urinary.
The defeat of the cervical region occurs a violation of the circulation of the blood to the brain and, as a result, they produce additional symptoms:
- the differences of pressure;
- nausea;
- the dizziness, the appearance of spots and stains in front of the eyes;
- the sleep disturbance.
More often the osteochondrosis occurs stabbing pain or pain that pulls the spine in the lumbar area. This is because there are 5 of the largest of the vertebrae, which crushes the entire upper part of the spine. In addition, it is in this area most of breakfast to lift the load, slopes, curves.
Spondylosis
Spondylosis is a condition in which the edges of the vertebrae to form tumors in the bones, the bony growths. This state is the next step after the osteochondrosis of the spine.
Due to the deformation of the intervertebral disks and local development of the inflammation thickens the bones of the vertebrae. Ultimately, they begin to recorded the calcium salt, forming the so-called peaks, which compressed the nerve roots and vessels vertebral.
Causes of the disease more often act:
- a back injury;
- advanced age;
- chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes);
- obesity.
The symptomatology is similar to that of the osteochondrosis and manifests itself in the form of pain in the innervated area, muscle tension, limitation of mobility, increase of the kyphosis or lordosis.
A interesting fact! Spondylosis suffered even the people of antiquity. The scientists-archaeologists, it was able to detect such pathological changes in the remains of the vertebrates of the structures of the mummies.
The hernia between vertebrae
The disease usually does not occur abruptly. Little by little occurs the grip of the disc located between the vertebrae. Part of fibrous rings (outer) leaves by the edges of the vertebrae. In this situation, they only speak of a propellant of the unit.
In case of a sharp or squeezing, the insufficient power of the tissues fibrous ring is broken and then the inner part of the disk – pulpous core comes out to the outside. In this case, confirmed the diagnosis of the hernia. The core affects the nerve endings and therefore cause itching.
Most often the hernia is localized in the lumbar region. When a person experiences the following symptoms:
- the pain goes into the buttocks and legs;
- the numbness of the legs;
- an error in the functioning of the urinary system.
For the herniated cervical observed: numbness of the hands, differences of pressure, dizziness, radiating pain in the shoulders.
For the hernia of breast-feeding, and of the division (which is less), is characterized by pain in the chest, which is often perceived as a disease of the neighboring organs.
Low back pain
Under the term of low back pain is understood the stabbing pain in the lower back, has different causes. Is not independent of the disease, but only a manifestation of negative changes that occur in the vertebrae.
On the basis of low back pain are as dystrophic and degenerative processes that are running in the spine. Often, the cause, as many other states – the osteochondrosis.
In addition, the low back pain can occur due to:
- the disease behtereva;
- injuries and tumors of the spine;
- tuberculosis;
- congenital, dysplasia.
The state of low back pain is often considered as the back pain, as it produces a sharp, stabbing pain.
In this state, the person bends sharply and you can't straighten it. The relief brings the position of lying on its stomach on a hard surface with about under the roller. Due to a sharp pain occurs muscle spasm and tight muscles increases even more the unpleasant feeling.
If you play in the loins of the sciatic nerve produces back pain, the pain extends to the buttocks and thighs.
In addition to the pains of low back pain symptoms such as:
- numbness of the skin in the place of acute pain or, on the contrary, the sensation of tingling and "chills";
- palpitations of the heart;
- the sweating.
The state of low back pain can last from a few hours up to several days, and sometimes it stops by itself, without any kind of intervention.
The stabbing pain in the back – this is almost always a sign of the defeat of the spinal column. It is not enough simply to have a rest or change of position. When the first symptoms of the pathology should go to the doctor to establish an accurate diagnosis and apply the appropriate treatment.